المجلة الدولية لنشر البحوث والدراسات

International Journal of Research and Studies Publishing

المجلة الدولية لنشر البحوث والدراسات
القائمة الرئيسية

An Analytical Study of the Cultural Content of English Language Textbooks for Secondary School in the Saudi Arabia in Light of the Challenges of Globalization

By: Fatimah Sifran Khalaf Al-Thobaiti

Master's Degree of Education, Curricula and Methods of Teaching English, Faculty of Education, Taif University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia


Abstract:

The present study aimed at identifying the extent of the inclusion of cultural contents in the English textbook "Flying High "in the light of globalization challenges. Thus, this analytical study intended to answer the following question: to what extent does the English textbook "Flying High" include the cultural contents in the light of globalization challenges? The researcher conducted the descriptive analytical approach to answer the research question. The sample of the study consisted of the English textbook of 1st Secondary Stage "Flying High", level (1) published in Saudi Arabia. A content analysis tool was prepared by the researcher for collecting data depending on theoretical framework. The results of the study can be summarized as follows:1) Local cultural content" received the lion's share of total cultural contents in (56.8%) for big "C" culture and (63.5 %) for Small "c" culture. 2) Target cultural content received (16,2%) for big "C" culture and (25,4%) for small "c" culture. 3) International cultural content received (27%) for big "C" culture and (11,1%) for small "c" culture. Therefore, the results revealed that there was an extensive use of local cultural references while there was an obvious absence of many other target and international cultural contents. It was also clear that cultural elements were presented in many positions, but in a superficial and narrow way. Based on the findings of the study, several suggestions for enhancing the cultural content of English textbooks have been offered.


Keywords:

Cultural Contents, Cultural Identity, Cultural Awareness, Intercultural Communicative Competence

DOI

Email

About the Authors

Master's Degree of Education, Curricula and Methods of Teaching English, Faculty of Education, Taif University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

References

- The Holy Qur'an.
- Aliakbari, M. (2001). The place of culture in the Iranian ELT textbooks in high school level. Unpublished M.A Thesis, IIam University, Iran. Retrieved from: http://www.paaljapan.org/resources/proceedings/2004/Aliakbari.pdf
- Alptekin, C. (2002). Towards intercultural communicative competence. Oxford Journal: ELT Journal ELT Journal, Vol. 56, No.1. Retrieved from: http://eltj.oxfordjournals.org/content/56/1/57.abstract
- Atay, D., Kurt, G., Çamlibel, Z., Ersin, P., and Kaslioglu, Ö. (2009). The Role of Intercultural Competence in Foreign Language Teaching. Inoun University Journal of Faculty of Education, vol.10, No. 3. Retrieved from: http://efdergi.inonu.edu.tr/arsiv/2009/10_3/123-135.pdf
- Benahnia, A. (N.D). The Role of Cultural Components in Shaping the L2 Learner’s Identity and Intercultural Competence. Retrieved from: http://www.ksaalt.org/conference%20proceedings/Finalized_Dr_Abdellah_Oct_30.pdf
- Benahnia, A. (1992). The Cultural Component in EFL Textbooks Used in Morocco.Unpublished MA Thesis, Morgantown, U.S.A.
- Bashaikh, Abeer. (2011). The Importance of Teaching Culture in Foreign Language Classrooms. Unpublished M.A. Thesis. California State University. U.S.A http://csuchico-dspace.calstate.edu/handle/10211.4/384
- Bataineih, A. (2009). An Evaluation of the Authentic Socio Cultural Elements in the Prescribed English Language Textbooks of the Secondary Schools in Jordan. Unpublished M.A. Thesis. AL-albay University, Jordan. Retrieved from: http://scholar.najah.edu/sites/default/files/journal-article/evaluation-authentic-socio-cultural-elements-prescribed-english-language-textbooks-secondary-schools.pdf
- Brooks, N. (1964). Language and language Learner. New York: Harcourt, Inc.
- Brooks, N. (1968). Teaching culture in the foreign language classroom. Foreign Language Annals.
- Brown, H.D. (1994). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall Regents.
- Brown, H. D. (2001) Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
- Brown, H. D. (2007). Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. Pearson Education. Longman.
- Byram, M., Gribkova, B., and Starkey, H. (2002). Developing the Intercultural Dimension in Language Teaching: A Practical Introduction for Teachers. Council of Europe, Strasbourg. Retrieved from: http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/linguistic/source/guide_dimintercult_en.pdf
- Byram, M., & Risager, K. (1999). Language teachers, politics and cultures. Clevelon: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
- Byram, M. (1997). Teaching and Assessing Intercultural Communicative Competence. Multilingual Matters Ltd.
- Byram, M., and Planet, M.T. (2002). Social identity and the European dimension: Intercultural competence through foreign language learning. Council of Europe. Graz.
- Cakir, I. (2006). Developing Cultural Awareness in Foreign Language Teaching. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, Vol. 7, No.3. Retrieved from: http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/elt/article/download/15270/10334%E2%80%8E
- Chen, B. B. (2004). A survey on Cultural Learning and its Variable Analysis. In Xiao, J. (2010). Cultural contents of an in-use EFL Textbook and English Majors students Attitudes and perceptions towards culture learning at Jiangxi University of since and Technology. MA Thesis, Prince of Songkla University, china. Retrieved from: http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/bitstream/2010/7836/1/326069.pdf
- Chlopek, Z. (2008). The Intercultural Approach to EFL Teaching and Learning. English Teaching Forum. Retrieved Feb 20, 2013 from: http://ar.scribd.com/doc/44249737/Interculutral-Approach
- Colorado State University (2011). Writing Guide: Content Analysis. Retrieved from: http://writing.colostate.edu/index.cfm
- Communication for Governance and Accountability Program. ( 2011). Intercultural Communication. Retrieved from: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTGOVACC/Resources/InterculturalCommweb.pdf
- Corbett, John. (2003). Intercultural approach to English language teaching. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
- Cortazzi, M., & Jin, L. (1999). Cultural Mirrors, Materials and methods in the EFL classroom. In Hinkel, E. (2001). Culture in Second Language Teaching and Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Girma, M. (2008). Use of Students’ Native Culture as a Resource in the EFL Classroom: The Case of Second Year English Majors in the Department of English Language Education of AAU. M.A. Thesis. Ethiopia, Addis Ababa University. Retrieved from: http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/bitstream/123456789/1913/1/MULUGETA%20GIRMA.pdf
- Gray, J. (2010) The Construction of English: Culture, Consumerism and Promotion in the ELT Global Coursebook. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Han, C. (2012). Empirical Study on the in tegration of Native Culture in English Language Teaching for Non-English Majors in China. English Language and Literature Studies. Vol. 2, No. 2. Retrieved from: http://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ells/article/view/17566
- Hinkel, E. (2005). Handbook of research in second language teaching and learning. Routledge.
- Ho, S. (2009). Addressing Culture in EFL Classrooms: The Challenge of Shifting from a Traditional to an Intercultural Stance. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, Vol. 6, No.1. Retrieved from: http://e-flt.nus.edu.sg/v6n12009/ho.pdf
- Hymes, D, H. (1972). Introduction in Gazden, John, and Hymes (eds.) in Kramsch, C. (1993). Context and Culture in Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Jensen, L., Arnett, J., and McKenzie, J. (2011). Globalization and Cultural Identity. Department of Psychology, Clark University, Worcester. Retrieved from: http://wordpress.clarku.edu/ljensen/files/2012/05/2011-Handbook-Identity-Jensen-et-al.-Globalization-Identity.pdf
- Kilickaya. (2004). Guidelines to Evaluate Cultural Content in Textbooks. The Internet TESL Journal, Vol. X, No. 12. Retrieved from: http://iteslj.org/Techniques/Kilickaya-CulturalContent/
- Kramsch, C. (1993). Context and Culture in Language Teaching. Oxford University Press.
- Kramsh, C. (1998). Language and Culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Lee, K-Y. (2009). Treating culture: What 11 high school EFL conversation textbooks in South Korea1 do. English teaching: English Teaching Practice and Critique. Vol.8, No. 1 Retrieved from: http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ847287.pdf
- Mahmood, M., Asghar, Z., and Hussain, Z. (2012). Cultural Representation in ESL Textbooks in Pakistan: A Case Study of “Step Ahead 1”. Journal of Education and Practice. Vol 3, No.9. Retrieved from: www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JEP/article/download/2283/2440
- Marginson, S (2008). Education and language for national development in the global knowledge economy. Centre for the Study of Higher Education, University of Melbourne. Retrieved from: www.cshe.unimelb.edu.au/people/marginson_docs/ELTHanoi14Nov2008%20paper.pdf
- Mary, G. (2010). Intercultural Competence in Foreign Language Teaching and Learning: Action Inquiry in Acypriot Tertiary Institution. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Nottingham. U.K Retrieved from: http://etheses.nottingham.ac.uk/1866/1/Intercultural_competence_in_FLL.pdf
- McKay, S.L. (2002). Teaching English as an International Language: Rethinking Goals and Approaches. Oxford University Press, U.S.A
- McKay, S.L. (2004). Western Culture and the Teaching of English as an International Language. English Teaching Forum Online.Vol.42, No.2.
- Movius, L. (2010). Cultural Globalisation and Challenges to Traditional Communication Theories. Journal of Media and Communication.Vol.2 No. 1. Retrieved from http://www.hrmars.com/admin/pics/8.pdf
- Munandar, M., and Ulwiyah,I. (2012). Intercultural Approaches to the Cultural Content of Indonesia’s High School ELT Textbooks. Cross-Cultural Communication. Vol. 8, No. Retrieved from http://cscanada.net/index.php/ccc/article/view/2885/0
- Naz.et all. (2011). The Crised of Identity: Globalization and its Impacts on Socio-cultural and Psychological Identity among Pakhtuns of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. Vol. 1, No. Retrieved from: http://www.hrmars.com/admin/pics/8.pdf
- O`Hagan, Kieran. (2001). Cultural competence in the caring professions. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
- Oliveras, A. (2000). Hacia la competencia intercultural en el aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera. Barcelona: Editorial Edinumen.
- Örnek, Y. (1997). Globalization and Cultural Identity. http://www.studienkreis.org/common/news/referat_oernek.pdf
- Palli, P. (2012). To what extent has a global dimension been incorporated into English Language Teaching (ELT) course books that have been approved for use in Greek post-secondary state education?. M.A. Thesis. Oxford Brookes University, U.K. Retrieved from: https://moodle.brookes.ac.uk/pluginfile.php/324218/mod_resource/content/2/Evaluating%20culture%20in%20ELT%20materials%20-%20Pali%20dissertation.pdf
- Peterson, E. and Coltrane, B. (2003). Culture in Second Language Teaching. Center for Applied Linguistics. Retrieved from: http://www.cal.org/resources/digest/0309peterson.html
- Peterson, B. (2004). Cultural intelligence: A guide to working with people from other cultures. Yarmouth, ME: Intercultural Press
- Pieterse, J, N. (2004). Globalization and culture: Global Melange. Newyork. Oxford.
- Pishghadamreza, R., and Ordoubody, M. (2011). Culture & Identity Change & Among Iranian EFL Teachers. Ozean Journal of Social Sciences. Vol. 4. No.3. http://ozelacademy.com/%283%29ojss%20552%20reza%20gel.tar.%2021%20kas%C4%B1m%202011%20pa,id.pdf
- Rahman, M., and Alhaisoni, E. (2013). Teaching English in Saudi Arabia: Progress and Challenges. Academic Research Journal.Vol.4. No. 1. Retrieved from: http://www.savap.org.pk/journals/ARInt./Vol.4%281%29/2013%284.1-11%29.pdf
- Rajabi, S., and Ketabi, S. (2012). Aspects of Cultural Elements in Prominent English Textbooks for EFL Setting. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, Vol. 2, No. 4. Retrieved from: http://ojs.academypublisher.com/index.php/tpls/article/view/7039/0
- Reimann, A. (2009). Raising Cultural Awareness as part of EFL Teaching in Japan. Published Ph.D. Thesis. Macquarie University, Japan.
- Reimann, A. (2009). A Critical Analysis of Cultural Content in EFL Materials. Retrieved from: http://uuair.lib.utsunomiya-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/10241/7783/1/28-8-reimann.pdf
- Richard, J.C. (2001). Curriculum development in language teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Satwase, V. (2011). Culture and Globalization. Buzzle. Retrieved March 23, 2013 from: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/culture-and-globalization.html
- Scarino, A., and Crichton, J. (2007). Why the intercultural matters to languages teaching and learning: an orientation to the ILTLP programme (Quality Teacher Programme). Research Centre for Language and Cultures Education: Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved from: http://www.iltlp.unisa.edu.au/doclibpapers/iltlp_paper1.pdf
- Seelye, H. N. (1984). Teaching culture: Strategies for intercultural communication. U.S.A: Lincolnwood , National Textbook Company.
- The American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages. (1996). Standards for Foreign Language Learning in the 21st Century. Retrieved from: http://www.actfl.org/sites/default/files/StandardsforFLLexecsumm_rev.pdf
- The National Center for Cultural Competence. (N.D). Curriculum Enhancement Series Module. Retrieved from: http://www.nccccurricula.info/glossary.html
- Turkan S., and Çelik, S. (2006). Integrating Culture into EFL Texts and Classrooms: Suggested Lesson Plans. Novitas –Royal.Vol.1, No.1. Retrieved from: http://www.novitasroyal.org/turkan.pdf
- Wang, y. (2007). Globalization Enhances Cultural Identity. Intercultural Communication Studies XVI: 1. Retrieved from: http://www.uri.edu/iaics/content/2007v16n1/09%20Yi%20Wang.pdf
- Waters, M. (1995). Globalization. London: Routledge.
- Wintergerst, A. C., & McVeigh, J. (2010). Tips for teaching culture: A practical approach to intercultural communication. White Plains, NY: Pearson Longman.
- Xiao, J. (2010). Cultural contents of an in-use EFL Textbook and English Majors students Attitudes and perceptions towards culture learning at Jiangxi University of since and Technology. M.A. Thesis. Prince of Songkla University, China. Retrieved from: http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/bitstream/2010/7836/1/326069.pdf
- Yassine, S. (2012). Cultural Issues, Ideology and Otherness in EFL Textbook: A social Semiotic Multimodal Approach. Ph.D. Thesis., Tizi- Ouzou University, Algeria.

المراجع العربية:
- أحمد، نافز (2005). مقاومة العولمة http://www.qou.edu/arabic/researchProgram/researchersPages/nafzAyoub/r8_drNafzAyoub.pdf

Download PDF





المجلة الدولية لنشر البحوث والدراسات

المجلة الدولية لنشر البحوث والدراسات مجلة علمية محكمة متخصصة في نشر الابحاث العلمية في مختلف التخصصات، تصدر المجلة الدولية دورياً كل شهر. تصدر المجلة في المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية

تعليمات النشر للباحث

  • » تنسيقات البحث
  • » قالب البحث
  • » أخلاقيات النشر
  • » اقرار الباحث

    • سياسة الخصوصية

  • » سياسة مراجعة الأبحاث
  • » سياسة الوصول المفتوح
  • » حقوق النشر والترخيص
  • » سياسة الاقتباس

    • للإقتراحات

    نحن نعمل باستمرار على تحسين مجلتنا العلمية وعملية النشر لدينا بهدف تزويدك بأفضل تجربة نشر علمية. فإننا نقدر رأيك ونرحب بأي اقتراحات عبر الإيميل التالي: info@ijrsp.com

    جميع الحقوق © محفوظة المجلة الدولية لنشر البحوث والدراسات 2019